Mince

Informácie o starých minciach

 

Mince môžeme rozdeliť z viacerích hľadísk (napr: materiál, vzácnosť, zachovalosť..., iné delenie: štát, kraina, dátum..., alebo aj: obehové, zberateľské...).

Na určenie zachovalosti mince existujú viaceré stupnice zachovalosti, z ktorých najrozšírenejšia je stupnica použitá v americkom katalógu mincí (Standard Catalog of World Coins).Tieto katalógy si môžete stiahnuť na odkazoch uvedených nižšie.

Označenie materiálu

Ae - bronz (Bronze), Ag – striebro (Silver), Al – hliník (Aluminum), Au – zlato (Gold), CN - meď-nikel (Copper-Nickel), Cu – meď (Copper), Ni - nikel (Nickel), Pb - olovo (Lead), Pd – paládium, Pt - platina (Platinum), Sn - cín (Tin), Zn - zinok (Zinc)

Stupnica vzácnosti mince - hodnotenie vzácnosti mince:

R – málo sa vyskytuje
RR – vzácna
RRR – veľmi vzácna
RRRR – skutočne rarita
U - známy iba 1 kus: Uvidíte v múzeu.

Stará stupnica zachovalosti mince.

U nás sa viac používa stupnica s piatimi základnými a tromi stupňami doplnenými len pred nedávnom (PROOF, RL a 0).

Každá minca má dve strany (líce a rub), preto sa hodnotenie píše dvoma číslicami. 1 až 5.

PROOF - Minca vyrazená špeciálnym razidlom pre zberateľskénovéúčely. Nové mince, zrkadlový lesk (Proof like - PL, Briliant uncirculated - BU, Lesk novo-vyrazenej mince: razobný lesk - RL).
0/0- Perfektná kvalita mince. Ide o mincu ktorá nebola v obehu, má ostré detaily (ozn. aj ako B.K, B.J, 0/0).
1/1 - Veľmi dobrá kvalita mince. Napríklad obehová minca ktorá je minimálne použitá, skoro ako nová, bez závažných defektov.
2/2 - Dobrá kvalita mince. Bežná minca z obehu, detaily sú jasne viditeľné, na minci sú viditeľné známky používania.
3/3 - Horšia kvalita mince. akto označená minca obsahuje vážny defekt. Napr. výrazný oder, buchnutie, alebo iné jasne viditeľné poškodenie, napr. hrdza. Ale aj takéto mince sa často a radi pridávajú do numizmatických zbierok.
4/4 - 5/5 - Zničené mince. Hodnota takejto mince môže však byť aj veľmi vysoká, pokiaľ ide o veľmi starú mincu  ktorej sa  zachovalo skutočne len pár kusov.

Stupnica zachovalosti mince - podľa Standard Catalog of World Coins.

UNC - Uncirculated  (Perfektná kvalita / briliantná)

EF alebo XF - Extremely fine (Extrémne výborná kvalita / mimoriadna)
VF - Very fine (Veľmi výborná kvalita / krásna)
F - Fine (Výborná kvalita / pekná)
VG - Very good (Veľmi dobrá kvalita / dobre zachovalá)
G - Good (dobrá kvalita / zachovalá)
RP - Poor (Nízka kvalita / zle zachovalá)

For MS-63 (Mint State: BRILLIANT UNCIRCULATED, BU) grade there will be no visible signs of wear or handling, even under a
10-power loop. Full mint luster will be present. Ideally no bags marks will be evident.
For MS-60 (Mint State: UNCIRCULATED, UNC.) grade there will be no visible signs of wear or handling, even under a 10-power loop. Bag marks may be present.
For AU-50 (ALMOST UNCIRCULATED, AU) all details will be visible. There will be the slightest of wear only on the highest point of the coin. There will often be half or more of the original mint luster present.
On the XF-40 (EXTREMELY FINE, XF OR EF) coin, there will be about 95% of the original detail visible. Or, on a coin with a design with no inner detail to wear down, there will be a light wear over nearly all the coin. If a small design is used as the grading area, about 90% of the original detail will be visible. This latter rule stems from the logic that a smaller amount of detail needs to be present because a small area is being used to grade the whole coin.
The VF-20 (VERY FINE, VF) coin will have about 75% of the original detail visible. Or, on a coin with no inner detail, there will be moderate wear over the entire coin. Corners of letters and numbers may be weak. A small grading area will have about 66% of the original detail.
For F-12 (FINE, F), there will be about 50% of the original detail visible. Or, on a coin with no inner detail, there will be fairly heavy wear over all of the coin. Sides of letters will be weak. A typically uncleaned coin will often appear as dirty or dull. A small grading area will have just under 50% of the original detail.
On the VG-8 (VERY GOOD, VG) coin, there will be about 25% of the original detail visible. There will be heavy wear on all of the coin.
The G-4 (GOOD, G) coin’s design will be clearly outlined but with substantial wear. Some of the larger detail may be visible. The rim may have a few weak spots of wear. Strong or weak strikes, partially weak strikes, damage, corrosion, attractive or unattractive toning, rim bumps, dipping or cleaning should be described along with the above grades.
These factors affect the quality of the coin just as do wear and loss of detail, but are easier to describe. In the case of countermarked / counterstamped coins, the condition of the host coin will have a bearing on the end valuation.
The important factor in determining the grade is the condition, clarity and completeness of the countermark itself. This is in reference to countermarks / counterstamps having raised design while being struck in a depression.
Incuse countermarks cannot be graded for wear. They are graded by the clarity and completeness including the condition of the host coin which will also have more bearing on the final grade/valuation determined.
As the proof designation is a method of manufacture and not a grade, the price listings of PF-60, PF-63 and PF-65 are employed in these listings. At these levels, it is often the quality of strike and not actual wear, which is judged.

Prepočet hodnoty mince z katalógového údaju

Prepočet hodnoty mince z katalógu Standard Catalog of World Coins a pod. nájdete v uvodných stranách. Pre euro je to 0,720. Prepočty sú v závislosti od aktuálnych kurzov v roku vydania katalógu.

Catalogs

Katalógy: Standard Catalog of World Coins and paper money

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

Linky / links:

1. SCOWC_2001-Date_09E 2014  (SCOWC=Standard Catalog of World Coins _ era _ E=Edition _ Date of issue)

2. SCOWC_1901-2000_42E_2015

3. SCOWC_1801-1900_07E_2013

4. SCOWC_1701-1800_05E_2013

5. SCOWC_1601-1700_05E_2012

6. SCOWPM_1961-Date_20E_2014

Základné informácie - hodnotenie mincií

Všetky katalógy na stiahnutie

Mince na území Slovenska, Čiech a Moravy: online katalóg

Upozornenie: Všetky materiály slúžia len pre informačné účely. Po stiahnutí, v prípade záujmu, si danú knihu musíte kúpiť v predajni a súbor vymazať.

Note: All materials are for informational purposes only. After downloading, if interested, the given book you have to buy in the shop and delete the file.

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